During a hysteroscopy, the hysteroscope is inserted through the vagina and cervix and into the uterus. The hysteroscope may be either rigid or flexible, depending on the specific procedure and equipment used. The hysteroscope is connected to a camera, which provides a visual display of the uterine cavity on a monitor, allowing the doctor to examine the area in detail.
Hysteroscopy can be performed for diagnostic purposes, to investigate and diagnose conditions such as abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility, or recurrent miscarriages. It can also be used for therapeutic purposes, allowing the doctor to treat certain uterine conditions during the same procedure.
Therapeutic hysteroscopy involves the use of specialized instruments inserted through the hysteroscope to perform procedures such as:
- Removing polyps or fibroids: Small growths in the uterus can be identified and removed during hysteroscopy.
- Resecting uterine septum: In cases where the uterus is divided by a septum, hysteroscopy can be used to remove or reduce the septum, improving fertility and reducing the risk of miscarriage.
- Treating endometrial abnormalities: Hysteroscopy can be used to remove abnormal tissue in the endometrial lining, such as endometrial hyperplasia or uterine adhesions.
- Placing contraceptive devices: Hysteroscopy can be used to insert intrauterine devices (IUDs) for long-term contraception.
Hysteroscopy is generally considered a safe procedure with a low risk of complications. It is typically performed on an outpatient basis under local or general anesthesia, depending on the extent of the procedure. Recovery time is usually short, and most women can resume their normal activities within a day or two after the surgery. However, it is essential to follow the doctor's post-operative instructions and attend any recommended follow-up appointments.
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